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The machine and tractor station (MTS) ((ロシア語:машинно-тракторная станция) ''mashinno-traktornaya stantsiya'', МТС) was a state enterprise for ownership and maintenance of agricultural machinery that were used in kolkhozy. The first ever MTS was organized in the Odessa Oblast (Shevchenkivska MTS). MTSs were introduced in 1928 as a shared resource of scarce agricultural machinery and technical personnel. William Taubman, Khrushchev's biographer, describes them as follows:
The main units of an MTS were ''tractor brigades'' and ''automobile brigades'', which performed the corresponding agricultural work. It was paid with the share of the agricultural product called ''natural payment'' ((ロシア語:натуральная оплата, натуроплата), ''naturoplata''). Over time, MTSs became an instrument of transferring the agricultural production from kolkhozy to the state. 75,000 tractors had been supplied by MTSs to Soviet collective farms by 1932, and in 1933 the natural payment constituted about 20% of the product and continued to grow. They existed as independent inter-kolkhoz service until 1958, when the machinery was transferred to the farms, and MTS transformed into machinery service stations ((ロシア語:ремонтно-техническая станция, РТС)), which were still known under the old name for longer time. In 1972 they were further renamed into Regional Association "Selkhoztekhnika" ((ロシア語:Сельхозтехника), an abbreviation for , agricultural machinery). In post-Soviet Russia some economists expressed ideas about the revival of MTSs to help small independent farmers. == References == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Machine and tractor station」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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